RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Nosocomial sepsis (NS) in newborns (NBs) is associated with high mortality rates and low microbial recovery rates. To overcome the latter problem, new techniques in molecular biology are being used. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of SeptiFast test for the diagnosis of nosocomial sepsis in the newborn. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 86 blood specimens of NBs with suspected NS (NOSEP-1 Test > 8 points) were analyzed using Light Cycler SeptiFast (LC-SF) a real-time multiplex PCR instrument. The results were analyzed with the Roche SeptiFast Identification Software. Another blood sample was collected to carry out a blood culture (BC). RESULTS: Sensitivity (Sn) and specificity (Sp) of 0.69 and 0.65 respectively, compared with blood culture (BC) were obtained for LC-SF. Kappa index concordance between LC-SF and BC was 0.21. Thirteen (15.11%) samples were BC positive and 34 (31.39%) were positive with LC-SF tests. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with BC, LC-SF allows the detection of a greater number of pathogenic species in a small blood sample (1 mL) with a shorter response time.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) confers a higher risk for active tuberculosis (TB). However, information on associated risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) inpatients with DM2 is limited. We conducted a cross-sectional study to elucidate the prevalence of LTBI and its associated factors on Mexican adults with DM2 receiving medical care at the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS). METHODS: Six hundred patients with DM2 without a prior history of TB from outpatient diabetes clinics were enrolled in the study. The tuberculin-skin-test (TST) was performed. The presence of LTBI was defined by a TST value of ≥ 5 mm. A standardized interview and physical examination were conducted to obtain clinical, demographic, and LTBI risk factor information; all subjects were laboratory tested to determine the presence of exclusion criteria. Microscopic examination of sputum samples and chest x-rays was performed to identify potential active TB. Subjects with any finding suggesting active TB or malignancy were excluded. A logistic regression model was used to identify variables associated with LTBI. RESULTS: LTBI prevalence among patients with DM2 was 51.3%. Risk factors for LTBI were living with a relative with TB, having been in prison, having hemoglobin values >14 g/dL, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values of > 7%. Blood pressure, economic income, or anthropometric measurements were not associated risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Over one half of patients with DM harbor LTBI. Exposure to certain environmental conditions and poorly controlled DM2 (HbA1c > 7.0%) were risk factors for having LTBI in persons with DM2.
